Internal combustion engine



March 28; 1933. 1 P BURKE' 1,902,831

INTERNAL coMEusTIoN ENGINE Filed March so, 1929 invention.

Patented Mar. 28, 1933 UNITED STATES JAMES I. BURKE, or NEWARK, NEW IEnsEnASsIGNo/EorTWENTY PERcEN'Ia'ro JAMES MACINTOSH, or NonEISToWN, PENNSYLVANIA, 0E '.IWENTYv rEEcEN'rvTo. KENNETH W. MAcxSEY, AND or 'IEN PEE MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY INTERNAL' coI/IBUSrIoN ENGINE i Appneation mea March 3o, 1929. ,seal Nt'js'sna'e.

This invention relates to internal combustion' engines.

One object of the invention 1s to provide a device of the character described which will function with a high efficiency and In which the area of communication between the combustion chamber and the cylinder may be large.

Other objects of the invention are to provide an improved device ofthe nature set forth in which the turbulencefof the gases is promoted; in which the combustion gases act on a reduced area of the piston in the position of .greatest compressionof the same to prevent the expanding gasesat the Instant of combustion from exerting too great a force on the piston and thus to eliminate knockin %)ther objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the specification proceeds.

With the aforesaid objects in view, the invention consists in the novel combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described in their preferred embodiments, pointed out in the subjoined claim, and illustrated on the annexed drawing, wherein like parts are designated by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

In the drawing: j Y

Figure l is a fragmentary view in vertical section of a device embodying the invention, the valves being at a side of the cylinder.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal view of the cylinder and piston taken substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

The advantages of the invention as here outlined are best realized when all of its features and instrumentalities are combined in one and the same structure, but, useful devices may be produce-d embodying less than the whole.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art vto which this invention appertains, that the same may be incorporated in several different constructions. VThe accompanying drawing, therefore, is submitted merely as showing the preferred exemplification ofthe Generally described, the invention provides an internal coI'nbustion engine iin which the j CENT To SIDNEY I. `IreWnLI., Born on.

pistonv coacts 'withrthe cylinder Vhead to form a combustionspac'e therein above'f the cylinder Vwhich is of lesser area thanl the cylinder and preferably communicates Y unrestrictedly p therewith. This combustion spaceV is providedA byrecessing thel piston v.or the'cylinderl head,`bnt preferably the `former since it' makes forl higher efficiency ofcombustion. Forv this purpose the piston isrecessedat its pe# riphery,this recess constituting the whole'fjor a part of the combustion space depending` uponthe type of enginevused'. The central portion of the piston'extendsinto proximity `to the transverse wall ofthe cylinder'head.

Thev precisespacing maybe variedto suit different `operating"conditions although it is preferred that the piston approach within' mechanical working clearance of the said wall. Among the advantages of the recessed construction referred to are that an eddying l or turbulence of the gases is obtained. l

Within the scope ofthe invention, the pisl ton may be offset to provide in the position of greatest compression a relatively small compact pocket or combustion chamber for the gases, with the pressure on the piston at the instant of combustion restricted to a comparatively small area.

In the drawingis shownV an embod'V ent of the invention including a cylinder 53, a head 54 therefor having a Space 54a communieating with the cylinder, and a piston 55 in the cylinder having an offset projection or block 56 remote from `the side pocket or com'- bustion chamber 57 forming a recess adjacent to the latter. This offset piston approaches into comparatively closev proximity to the `head 54, so that'the space provided for the combustion of the gases is small and compact including the pocket 57-and said recess in` un- Y `restricted communication, whereby the gases may be'consumed with a high eiiciency and a minimum of Skinfriction, while, at the same time, the pressure on the piston at the instant of combustion is reduce Y I claim: Y j f An'L-head internal combustion engine, in-

cluding a cylinder, a head therefor, said head being constructed to have` a Space in registry with the cylinder, said space being of comparatively small uniform depth, said head having a combustion pocket positioned substantially Wholly laterally and above the cylinder, said pocket being deeper thanithe said space and having unrestricted communication therewith, gas fuel and air intake and exhaust valves at said pocket, the said pocket beingfotherwise closed., fuel ignition means L.' for the pocket, a piston inthe cylinder, said piston in the position of greatest compres- ;sion thereof entering said space and approaching in comparatively close proximity 7 f to the opposed Wall of the head, said piston having a recess of substantially uniform depth inth-e upper end thereof, said recess being adjacent tothe combustion pocket, said recessforming with said pocket lan unrestricted combustion compartment inl the posi! tion of greatest compression of the piston, said combustion compartment providing. the total volume of space for combustion and being comparatively small for high compression: of the? fuelan'd. air, said opposed Wall of `the headhaving a transverse corner at the junction of said space and the combustion pocket and theintake valve being arranged opposite to said opposed Wall and in proximity-to said corner for increasing turbulence and mixing ofthe fuel and air.v

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature.

lJlnyrns `P.' BURKE; Y 

